Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Low Back Pain: A Review of the Recent Literature.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article aims to evaluate and summarize the current literature surrounding peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) as a management modality for chronic axial low back pain (CLBP). CLBP physiology as well as delivery of PNS and mechanisms of analgesia will be reviewed. Finally, we will evaluate the two current on-market PNS devices (SPRINT and ReActiv8) and the recent literature on both devices. RECENT FINDINGS: While CLBP can be difficult to treat, recent literature demonstrates that PNS reduces pain scores and disability. The literature on PNS and the currently available devices (SPRINT and ReActiv8) is sparse, predominately comprised of case studies with limited randomized control trials. CLBP is one of the most common pain complaints and can be difficult to treat. PNS is emerging as a new treatment modality in the management of CLBP and shows promise in terms of reduction of pain and function. More research is necessary on PNS and the current principal devices available to evaluate its long-term impact on CLPB and how it can supplement or even replace current treatment modalities.