Hansen's disease: a new endemic focus in the Piacenza Province? A description of four diagnosed cases by cutaneous biopsy.

Four cases of Hansen's disease (two lepromatous leprosy, one tuberculoid leprosy and one indeterminate leprosy) diagnosed from 1982 to today in Piacenza with histological and ultrastructural data are described in this study. Two cases (one lepromatous leprosy and one indeterminate leprosy) are probably imported, while the other two are apparently autochthonous. In all the cases the diagnosis or the suspicion of the disease are triggered after histological examination of the cutaneous biopsy, without any pre-existing clinical suspicion. In the discussion of the epidemiological significance of the number of cases the authors hypothesize the possible formation of an endemic area in Piacenza and intend to call attention of medical officials to the alarming fact of the probable existence of Hansen's disease in Italy.