[Immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of patients for traumatic mandibular fracture].

The analysis of immediate and long-term results of the surgical treatment of 286 patients, operated for traumatic mandibular fractures in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National O. O. Bogomolets Medical University. In 67% of patients the anatomical shape of the bone was adequately restored. The presence of residual displacements in other cases was determined by the fracture type and localization, the technical complexity of the surgical intervention, lack of fixation rigidity under certain functional load conditions. In long terms of observation the infection and inflammatory complications were observed in 13.4% of patients, delayed unition and non-unition of bone fragments occurred--in 4.7%, arthosis with persistent dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint--in 6.7%, fibrous ankylosis--in 1.3%. Secondary displacement of fragments was observed in 23.5% of patients due to insufficient stiffness and reliaability of the bone-fixatorsystem. The non-precise reposition of fragments and secondary displacements in the early and late postoperative period were the main cause of occlusal disturbances of various severities, noted in 28% of operated patients, limitation of mouth opening (10%), TMJ disorders and changes in masticatory stereotype (33%), the sensation of pain and discomfort in tough food chewing (35%). A statistical analysis of the effectiveness of different osteosynthesis methods depending on the type and localization of the fracture was carried out and recommendations for usage of fixation devices in clinical practice were given.