Myelodysplastic syndrome with neutrophilic panniculitis: A report of two cases and a literature review.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) associated with neutrophilic panniculitis (NP) is rare. To the best of our knowledge, there are only five previously reported cases of MDS associated with NP, consisting of four adults and a young male. The present study reviews the literature of the previously reported cases and presents two case reports of adult male patients who were initially diagnosed as MDS. The two patients presented with a sudden onset of fever without infection and erythematous indurated papules. The patients were diagnosed with NP by skin biopsy and their symptoms disappeared completely following treatment with systemic corticosteroids. NP may be an independent high-risk factor for MDS. However, due to the rarity of such cases, the exact pathogenesis of NP associated with MDS requires further investigation.