The efficacy of an eight-week core stability exercise program in suspended and stable conditions on the muscle activation and functional disability of amateur soccer players with non-specific chronic low back pain.

INTRODUCTION: Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder in soccer players. Core stability exercises are suggested to be effective in alleviating LBP, but the most effective method remains unclear. This study aims to compare the effects of eight weeks of core stability exercises in unstable and stable conditions on trunk muscle activation and functional disability in soccer players with non-specific chronic LBP.

METHOD: Forty-five athletes with non-specific chronic LBP were randomly divided into three groups: unstable condition exercises, stable condition exercises, and a control group. Subjects in the intervention groups trained three times a week for 8 weeks. Electromyography activity of selected muscles and functional disability levels were assessed using athletes' disability assessment questionnaire. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA.

RESULTS: After eight weeks of interventions, there was a significant difference in electromyography activity and functional disability among the three groups (p < 0.05). Exercises in unstable conditions showed superior results compared to stable exercises and the control group.

CONCLUSION: Exercises performed under unstable conditions were more effective in improving muscle activity and functional disability in subjects with LBP compared to stable exercises and no intervention. Incorporating instability into exercise routines may be beneficial for managing LBP.