Analysis of factors influencing the removal of titanium bone plates in maxillofacial trauma patients.

The removal of titanium plates after maxillofacial trauma is influenced by various patient- and plate-related factors. Understanding these factors can help improve surgical outcomes and minimize complications associated with plate retention or removal. The study employed a prospective cohort design and was conducted over a period of 16 months, from June 2023 to October 2024 included 420 patients who underwent titanium plate removal following maxillofacial trauma. Patients were followed up at intervals of 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively to evaluate surgical outcomes, functional recovery, and any long-term complications. Data on demographics, trauma characteristics, plate type, anatomical location, and postoperative outcomes were statistically evaluated using chi-square tests. Persistent pain (70%), infection (91%), and plate exposure (28%) were the most common reasons for plate removal. Gender (p < 0.001), occupation (p < 0.001), and trauma etiology (p < 0.001) significantly influenced outcomes. Mandibular plates (63%) and titanium alloy plates (70%) exhibited higher complication rates. Postoperative satisfaction was reported by 56% of patients, though 84% required additional surgeries (p < 0.001). This study identifies key factors influencing titanium plate removal and highlights the need for individualized treatment strategies to optimize patient outcomes and satisfaction.