Chyluria associated with renal vasculitis.

Chyluria is usually associated with abnormal retrograde or collateral flow of lymph from intestinal lymphatics into lymphatics of the kidney, ureter or bladder. Chyluria has been described in patients with lymphoma, carcinoma, trauma, abscess, tuberculosis, filariasis, pregnancy and stenoses of the thoracic duct. In this case report we describe a patient who presented with chyluria associated with severe hyperlipidemia due to nephrotic syndrome induced by microscopic polyangiitis. Laboratory, histological and radiological examination did not show evidence of filarial infestation, tuberculous infection or malformation of the lymphatic system. Treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide resulted in improvement of hyperlipidemia and disappearance of chyluria.