Resveratrol inhibits coal dust nanoparticle-induced acute lung epithelial cell injury and chronic pulmonary fibrosis.

Coal dust nanoparticles (CD-NPs) are a major risk factor for pneumoconiosis. We evaluated the protective effect of resveratrol against pulmonary fibrosis induced by CD-NPs in pneumoconiosis. Our results showed that CD-NPs exposure significantly reduced cell viability, inhibited proliferation, and induced apoptosis in type II alveolar cells, whereas resveratrol prevented these cellular changes. Lung tissue staining from a mouse model of CD-NPs-induced pneumoconiosis revealed that resveratrol decreased the inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrotic lesions, and decline in lung function caused by CD-NPs exposure. These findings provided an important experimental rationale for developing resveratrol into a novel preventive agent for pneumoconiosis.