Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Interferon Beta-1a-Treated Patient Diagnosed with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report.
Клинический случайСтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Plesa Cristina-Florentina, Chitimus Diana Maria, Sirbu Carmen Adella, Țânțu Monica Marilena, Ghinescu Minerva Claudia, Anghel Daniela, Ionita-Radu Florentina
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Secondary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) due to interferon beta-1a intramuscular (im) treatment is an uncommon adverse effect with only a few cases in multiple sclerosis patients reported worldwide. TTP together with haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) are classic forms of thrombotic microangiopathy, characterized by small-vessel platelet micro-thrombi that manifest clinically in a similar manner. Most common signs and symptoms include bruises and ecchymosis, neurologic symptoms and renal impairment. Interferon beta-1a represents one of the first-line therapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis due to its accessibility and efficacy.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 36-year-old woman who was previously diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis had received weekly intramuscular injections with beta-interferon-1a (Avonex 30 mcg). After 9 months of treatment, she presented bruises and ecchymosis on her limbs and torso, epistaxis, gingival bleeding aggravated within 48 h and a persistent headache that was non-responsive to common analgesics. Haematology tests revealed typical results for thrombotic microangiopathy, including severe thrombocytopenia (4000/mm3) and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia with frequent schistocytes on the peripheral blood smear. Once the beta-interferon administration was ceased and upon the initiation of methylprednisolone, the symptoms remitted.
CONCLUSIONS: In this case study, we portrayed the particular association between the remission phase of multiple sclerosis and the violent onset of interferon-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 36-year-old woman who was previously diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis had received weekly intramuscular injections with beta-interferon-1a (Avonex 30 mcg). After 9 months of treatment, she presented bruises and ecchymosis on her limbs and torso, epistaxis, gingival bleeding aggravated within 48 h and a persistent headache that was non-responsive to common analgesics. Haematology tests revealed typical results for thrombotic microangiopathy, including severe thrombocytopenia (4000/mm3) and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia with frequent schistocytes on the peripheral blood smear. Once the beta-interferon administration was ceased and upon the initiation of methylprednisolone, the symptoms remitted.
CONCLUSIONS: In this case study, we portrayed the particular association between the remission phase of multiple sclerosis and the violent onset of interferon-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.