Ambient PM2.5 Exposure and the Incidence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Review.

Our article focuses on links between fine particulate (PM2.5) air pollution and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) incidence in adults. We review cohort and case-control designs, which generally suggest that long-term exposure to PM2.5 may increase SLE risk, especially in adults with specific genetic predispositions. Our discussion also highlights connections between PM2.5 and childhood-onset lupus, links with SLE disease activity, and effects on other conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Overall, the article underscores the importance of air pollution as a potential risk factor in autoimmune rheumatic diseases, stressing the need for further research.