Comparison of two caudolateral approaches to the scapulohumeral joint for treatment of osteochondritis dissecans in dogs.

Two caudolateral approaches to the canine scapulohumeral joint that do not require myotomy, tenotomy, or osteotomy were used to expose the humeral heads of both scapulohumeral joints in 10 clinically normal dogs. One approach (method 1) was used on the left shoulder of 5 dogs and on the right shoulder of the other 5 dogs. The other approach (method 2) was used on the opposite joints. The amount of humeral head articular cartilage that could be exposed with each approach was measured. The amount of articular cartilage exposed with method 1 was significantly greater than that exposed with method 2 (P less than 0.0001). Method 1 also provided for exposure of the caudomedial aspect of the scapulohumeral joint. Method 1 was used unilaterally in 20 dogs with osteochondritis dissecans. This approach provided excellent exposure of the humeral head and osteochondritis dissecans lesion. Of the 16 dogs that were available for follow-up evaluation, 1 developed a seroma after surgery. Other complications were not observed or reported.