Nursing Approaches to Oral Implant Care in Patients with Chronic Systemic Conditions: An Integrative Review.

PURPOSE: This integrative review synthesizes evidence on nursing approaches to oral implant care in patients with chronic systemic conditions (diabetes, osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases) and examines how these conditions impact implant outcomes and how nursing interventions optimize the delivery of care.

METHODS

Systematic searches of PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Embase (January 2010-April 2025) identified 45 studies (20 original research, 18 reviews, 7 guidelines). Quality assessment used Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools and the AGREE II instrument. Data extraction focused on nursing interventions, clinical outcomes, and interprofessional collaboration strategies.

RESULTS

Chronic conditions significantly impact implant success: diabetes increases failure rates by 30-50% with HbA1c > 8.0%, osteoporosis causes 12-25% early failure in untreated patients, and cardiovascular diseases increase complications by 15-20%. Nurses play vital roles in patient education (92% of studies), systemic health monitoring (87%), and collaboration (84%). Key interventions demonstrated significant improvements: tailored education improved self-care by 57% (p < 0.01), risk assessment reduced complications by 35% (p < 0.01), and collaborative care improved coordination by 34% (p < 0.01). However, 62% of nurses reported inadequate training.

CONCLUSION

Evidence supports personalized nursing care, systematic risk assessment, and interprofessional collaboration for optimal implant outcomes. Standardized guidelines and comprehensive training programs are urgently needed to enhance nursing competencies and address identified care gaps.