Perception of health-related quality of life in people with vestibular disorders: a phenomenological approach from lived experience and belief systems.

BACKGROUND

Most studies on health-related quality of life in vestibular disorders rely on standardized symptom- and function-based assessments. However, these approaches may overlook the meanings individuals attribute to their experiences and the belief systems through which they interpret their condition.

AIM: To analyze the self-perception of health-related quality of life in people with vestibular disorders, considering the belief systems and personal experiences through which they interpret their health condition.

METHODS

This qualitative phenomenological study conducted 16 semi-structured, in-person interviews with patients diagnosed with vestibular disorders (10 women and 6 men; mean age: 53.8 years) treated at a university clinic. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed for inductive interpretive thematic analysis. Rigor was ensured through triangulation, reflexivity, and adherence to COREQ guidelines.

RESULTS

The study identified 10 categories grouped into three interrelated dimensions: (1) physical-functional, characterized by persistent bodily instability and loss of automaticity; (2) behavioral-social, involving activity restriction and changes in social participation; and (3) emotional-symbolic, encompassing anxiety, uncertainty, and meaning-making processes. Interpretations related to the body, autonomy, risk, and dependence suggested the presence of belief-related frameworks through which participants understood their symptoms and adaptation to the condition.

CONCLUSION

Health-related quality of life in people with vestibular disorders appears to be a dynamic and multidimensional construct that extends beyond symptom burden alone. The findings suggest that belief-related frameworks may influence how physical limitations, emotional responses, and everyday functioning are experienced and interpreted. These findings support the value of integrative clinical approaches that consider not only functional recovery but also the meanings individuals attribute to their condition.