Aortic Regurgitation in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis/Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Overlap Syndrome (Rhupus): Case Report and Review of Literature.

BACKGROUND/

OBJECTIVES

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including valvular heart disease (VHD), remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of a woman in her fifth decade of life diagnosed with overlap syndrome (RA and SLE), in whom transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) revealed a degenerative altered bicuspid aortic valve with moderate aortic regurgitation (AR) and preserved left ventricular systolic function. The patient presented with a recent history of continuous, moderate chest discomfort and progressive exertional dyspnea, along with a mild elevation in highly cardioselective enzymes. AR was confirmed as the cause of her symptoms, rather than acute coronary syndrome or heart failure.

CONCLUSIONS

This case highlights the potential contribution of chronic systemic inflammation in RA/SLE to the pathogenesis of AR, an extra-articular manifestation associated with adverse clinical outcomes. These findings support the routine use of echocadiography in rheumatologic patients as a key strategy for early detection and prevention of life-threatening CV complications.