Takayasu's arteritis occurring under TNF blockers in a patient with spondyloarthritis: is it an association or a paradoxical effect?

Coexistence of spondyloarthritis (SpA) and Takayasu's arteritis is not a common finding, but such cases have been discussed, particularly in the context of choice of therapy. Inhibition of inflammation by tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) is a key aspect of the treatment of SpA and also positive effects of such treatment in concomitant large vessel vasculitis have been reported. However, TNFi is also associated with the possibility of initiating vasculitis. The present article based on a case study and the available literature is an attempt to discuss coexistence of these two diseases and the impact of treatment with biological drugs from the anti-TNF group in the course of SpA with Takayasu's arteritis.