Электроакустация смягчает разрыв мозгового барьера и нейроинфламмацию через астроцитический MC4R в мышечной модели множественных склерозов.
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Wang Yanping, Ma Xiaoru, Qiao Zhixin, Zhang Xiyu, Ji Jiayu, Zhang Sifan, Zhuang Wei, Wu Junfeng, Li Anqi, Wang Chao, Xiu Xin, Wang Jing, Meng Yanting, Huang Wei, Lang Xiujuan, Liu Xijun, Sun Bo, Li Hulun, Liu Yumei
Аннотация
Оригинал публикации
Electroacupuncture alleviates blood-brain barrier disruption and neuroinflammation via astrocytic MC4R in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
Astrocytes are key regulators of neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). Electroacupuncture (EA), a safe and cost-effective adjuvant therapy, has shown benefits in neurodegenerative diseases, but its astrocyte-related mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that EA at ST36 alleviated blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and neuroinflammation during the peak period of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Additionally, EA at ST36 upregulated the expression of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and its receptor melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) in spinal astrocytes. Pharmacological studies showed that MC4R agonist RO27-3225 mimicked the therapeutic effects of EA, whereas MC4R antagonist TCMCB07 weakened EA-mediated BBB protection and neuroinflammation suppression. Moreover, astrocyte-specific silencing of MC4R via adeno-associated virus (AAV) weakened EA-mediated BBB protection and neuroinflammation suppression. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and western blot (WB) revealed that EA exerts neuroprotective effects by activating MC4R to inhibit MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Moreover, in MC4R-overexpressing astrocytes, α-MSH and RO27-3225 reduced inflammation responses, while TCMCB07 reversed the effects by MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways. Collectively, our findings identify astrocytic MC4R as a critical mediator of EA-driven neuroprotection by suppressing MAPK/NF-κB signaling, providing mechanistic insight and a promising therapeutic target for EAE and other neuroinflammatory disorders.