New frontiers in tuberculosis diagnosis: A systematic evaluation of current and emerging technologies.

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to outsmart treating clinicians and is a persistent global health threat. Delays in diagnosis contributes to treatment delays, increasing ongoing transmission and drug resistance. This review highlights the rapidly evolving science behind TB diagnostics, from molecular analysis and non-sputum-based tests to artificial intelligence (AI)-driven imaging, and nanotechnology-based breakthroughs. These advances are not just technological wonders, this evolving science will help in global fight to detect, treat, and defeat TB.