First Reported CNS Infection with Mycobacterium xenopi-Illustrative Case Report and Therapeutic Protocol Suggestion.

Background and Clinical Significance: Mycobacterial infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are a serious condition that demands a rapid interdisciplinary approach according to the most recent protocols. Some cases, however, are unique and not yet reported in the literature. Case Presentation: We report such a case, a 42-year-old Greek male patient with a Mycobacterium xenopi infection of the cerebrodura near the cavernous sinus, an infection not yet reported in the literature and a real challenge for the treating doctors due to the location of the infection and the complication-rich course. Conclusions: This is the first reported intracerebral infection with Mycobacterium xenopi. We share our experience to assist clinicians with similar cases.