[Quality of life and influencing factors in patients with post-tuberculosis lung disease after rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis].

Objective

To systematically evaluate the quality of life in patients with post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) after rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and comprehensively analyze its influencing factors.

Methods

A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted involving patients with CT-confirmed PTLD between December 2024 and January 2025. Quality of life was assessed using the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Univariate analysis and generalized linear models were employed to explore influencing factors.

Results

A total of 103 PTLD patients were included. The median (Q1, Q3) SGRQ score was 12.84(2.03, 25.44). SF-36 results indicated that the median (Q1, Q3) physical component summary (PCS) score [38.04 (33.98, 40.44)] was significantly lower than the mental component summary (MCS) score [43.37 (40.23, 47.58)]. 19.42% of patients exhibited family dysfunction, and 17.48% reported high levels of social support. A strong correlation was observed between the PCS and SGRQ, while the MCS score was significantly correlated with social support levels. Pulmonary function tests revealed that 64.08% of patients had various types of ventilatory dysfunction, with mixed ventilatory defect being the most common (33.00%). The median six-minute walk distance (6MWD) was 495.00 m. Generalized linear model analysis demonstrated that SGRQ scores were significantly influenced by economic status, cough and sputum production, bedaquiline-containing treatment regimens, and 6MWD. Forced expiratory volume in one second percent predicted was significantly associated with both SF-36 and SGRQ scores.

Conclusions

Patients with rifampicin-resistant PTLD experience substantially impaired quality of life, influenced by a combination of physical, psychological, and social factors. Comprehensive intervention strategies targeting the economic burden, pulmonary rehabilitation, and social support are warranted to improve long-term outcomes in this population.