Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2025
Development of L1 Vertebral Anthropomorphic Model for Densitometric Phantom Improvement.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Petraikin A V, Mikhailova A M, Kudryavtsev N D, Cherkasskaya M V, Yastrebova V O, Omelyanskaya O V, Vasilev Y A
Аннотация
UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to develop L1 vertebral anthropomorphic model to improve the previously developed PHK FK2 phantom.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The vertebra was made using 3D printing by a digital model obtained from DICOM files of the abdominal CT examination. The phantom construction consists of three layers of different X-ray density. In the base made of photopolymer resin there is a cylindrical recess filled with a plastic mixture to imitate the normal state of the spongy substance (high density), osteopenia (moderate density decrease) and osteoporosis (significant decrease in density). Mineral density is regulated by changing β-tricalcium phosphate concentration. The cortical layer is modelled by applying metal foil on the base surface.
RESULTS: In X-ray tube voltage of 120 kV, the mean square deviations of the measured X-ray density values of the vertebral body, spongy substance and the cortical layer were 12.40, 3.96, and 57.23 HU, respectively. The mineral density assessment of the spongy substance for three X-ray tube voltages (100, 120, 140 kV) showed the mean absolute error to be 7.4 mg/ml, and the mean relative error - 7.3% (variation coefficient). The correction coefficient equal 7 mg/ml was used to correct the values, and after using the coefficient the mean absolute error decreased up to 0.4 mg/ml, and the mean relative error - up to 0.4% (variation coefficient). The relative measurement errors of the ventral, medial and dorsal vertebral body dimensions were 3.6, 2.7, and 2.9%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The methods used in developing a vertebral model can be applied in modeling the entire range of the mineral density of bone spongy substance: from osteoporosis to norm. The developed model demonstrates high stability of X-ray characteristics and anatomical accuracy; therefore, it can be used for equipment calibration, quality control of diagnostic systems, and in the training process to demonstrate the bone structure changes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The vertebra was made using 3D printing by a digital model obtained from DICOM files of the abdominal CT examination. The phantom construction consists of three layers of different X-ray density. In the base made of photopolymer resin there is a cylindrical recess filled with a plastic mixture to imitate the normal state of the spongy substance (high density), osteopenia (moderate density decrease) and osteoporosis (significant decrease in density). Mineral density is regulated by changing β-tricalcium phosphate concentration. The cortical layer is modelled by applying metal foil on the base surface.
RESULTS: In X-ray tube voltage of 120 kV, the mean square deviations of the measured X-ray density values of the vertebral body, spongy substance and the cortical layer were 12.40, 3.96, and 57.23 HU, respectively. The mineral density assessment of the spongy substance for three X-ray tube voltages (100, 120, 140 kV) showed the mean absolute error to be 7.4 mg/ml, and the mean relative error - 7.3% (variation coefficient). The correction coefficient equal 7 mg/ml was used to correct the values, and after using the coefficient the mean absolute error decreased up to 0.4 mg/ml, and the mean relative error - up to 0.4% (variation coefficient). The relative measurement errors of the ventral, medial and dorsal vertebral body dimensions were 3.6, 2.7, and 2.9%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The methods used in developing a vertebral model can be applied in modeling the entire range of the mineral density of bone spongy substance: from osteoporosis to norm. The developed model demonstrates high stability of X-ray characteristics and anatomical accuracy; therefore, it can be used for equipment calibration, quality control of diagnostic systems, and in the training process to demonstrate the bone structure changes.