Primary bone mantle cell lymphomas with multiple vertebral compression fractures: A case report.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Patients with MCL generally present with extensive lymphadenopathy and extranodal involvement. To the best of our knowledge, no cases of primary bone MCL with multiple vertebral compression fractures have been reported in the literature thus far. The current study reports the case of a 75-year-old Chinese male patient presenting with lower back pain for 1 year. B symptoms were not observed in the patient's medical history. X-ray revealed osteoporosis, and mixed osteolytic and osteosclerotic lesions in the T10 and L1 vertebrae with decreased height. Computed tomography of the spine showed multiple vertebral compression fractures, particularly at T10 and L1. Furthermore, magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a diffuse homogeneous abnormal signal with multiple vertebral compression fractures. The patient underwent vertebral biopsy and percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty. Histopathological examination of the biopsy revealed abnormal, diffuse, atypical, small-sized, slightly irregular lymphocytes with condensed chromatin. Immunohistochemical staining showed CD5+, CD20+ and cyclin D1+. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with primary bone MCLs and chemotherapy was administered. During the 2-month follow-up, the patient remained in a good clinical condition. The present study reports a rare case of primary osseous MCL and a review of the literature.