[Meta-analysis of influencing factors of pulmonary tuberculosis in occupational pneumoconiosis patients in China].

Objective

To explore the influencing factors of pulmonary tuberculosis in occupational pneumoconiosis patients in China.

Methods

In February 2025, through the CNKI, Wanfang, VIP databases, and PubMed, MedLine, Web of Science, and Embase databases (established up to February 25, 2025), we screened literature on the influencing factors of occupational pneumoconiosis patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in China. Fixed effect or random effect models were selected to analyze the impact of 10 factors (gender, body mass index, smoking, onset age, occupation, pneumoconiosis stage, dust exposure duration, dust exposure years, dust exposure age, and contact history with tuberculosis patients) on occupational pneumoconiosis patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in China. I(2) and Cochran's Q tests were used to assess heterogeneity, and random effect models (P<0.10, I(2)>50%, indicating heterogeneity) or fixed effect models (P≥0.10, I(2)≤50%, indicating no heterogeneity) were chosen based on the degree of heterogeneity.

Results

A total of 13 high-quality Chinese and English literatures meeting the requirements were included, and a total of 1792 Chinese occupational pneumoconiosis patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were included. Gender (OR=1.06, 95%CI: 1.02-1.10), smoking (OR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.01-1.94), stage of pneumoconiosis (OR=1.99, 95%CI: 1.43-2.78), age of exposure to dust (OR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.26-0.78), age of exposure to dust (OR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.01-1.94) were influencing factors in occupational pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis (P<0.05). There was no significant heterogeneity in literatures that analysis of gender, smoking. There was significant heterogenity in literatures that analysis of stage of pneumoconiosis, age of exposure to dust, age of exposure to dust. Gender, stage of pneumoconiosis and age of exposure to dust were included in the research literatures with good robustness. The results of smoking, age of exposure to dust, and included literatures were not robust. Egger test suggest that there was no significant publication bias.

Conclusion

High stage of pneumoconiosis, long age of exposure to dust, history of smoking, and long age of exposure to dust are all risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis in occupational pneumoconiosis patients in China.