Analysis of risk factors related to osteoporosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

INTRODUCTION

This study is a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) at our institution. The objective is to assess bone density and the prevalence of osteoporosis among these patients, as well as to analyze associated risk factors.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

A total of 131 MHD patients undergoing regular dialysis treatment at our hemodialysis center from September 2022 to December 2023 were included, and bone mineral density (BMD) values of lumbar spine (L1 - L3) of the patients were measured using QCT. Data were analyzed using the SPSS computer software version 26.0 to assess the relationship between BMD and clinical biochemical parameters in end-stage renal disease patients.

RESULTS

We found that of the 131 patients included, 82 were males and 49 were females, with a male to female ratio of 1.67 : 1, age 56.92 ± 13.37 years, and dialysis age of 24 (12 - 60) months. In the overall population, 25 cases (19.1%) were osteoporotic, 45 cases (34.4%) had low bone mass, and 61 cases (46.56%) had normal bone mass. Regarding risk factors, BMD was significantly negatively correlated with age (β = -1.788, p < 0.001), hypertension (β = -21.605, p = 0.018) and significantly positively correlated with total iron-binding capacity (β = 0.803, p = 0.01). Further logistics regression showed that age, decreased total iron binding, calcium-phosphorus product, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) ≥ 300 pg/mL were independent risk factors for osteoporosis in MHD patients.

CONCLUSION

Abnormal BMD is prevalent in patients with MHD. Age, decreased total iron binding capacity, calcium-phosphorus product, and iPTH ≥ 300 pg/mL are independent risk factors for the development of osteoporosis in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.