Effect of cervical traction on cardiovascular and selected ECG variables of cervical spondylosis patients using various weights.

BACKGROUND

There is currently no consensus among the clinicians regarding the tractive force to be employed during cervical traction (CT) that will correlate precisely with the percentage body weight of the patient and reduce the side effects associated with CT therapy.

OBJECTIVE

This study therefore aimed to investigate the response of cervical spondylosis (CS) patients to different CT weights and to establish the effect of CT on the cardiovascular system of patients with cervical spondylosis (CS).

METHODS

Sixty out of 78 subjects participated in the study. They were randomly assigned into three experimental groups A, B and C. Their systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) and heart rates (HR) were measured. Rate pressure product (RPP) was calculated using standard equation18 and ECG recorded using the KENZ, 201 machine. Subjects' cardiovascular and ECG responses were monitored in a supine resting position (baseline) and under three experimental conditions using the subjects' 7.5% kg total body weights (TBW), 10% kg TBW and 15% TBW at different time intervals (5, 10 and 15 minutes respectively).

RESULTS

Compared with the baseline values, there was a drop in SBP, DBP and RPP for all subjects in the three groups. The SBP, DBP and RPP alteration were not significant for the 7.5% TBW CT, but significant (p <0.05) for the 10% and 15% TBW tractions. The HR and ECG variables revealed no significant difference in all the groups, these results signified that the cardiac muscles were not adversely affected by any of the traction weights during application. Twenty subjects had side-effects including 5 subjects that terminated the treatment due to pain during the CT application.

CONCLUSIONS

Cardiovascular alterations do occur during the application of cervical traction weights resulting in untoward patient's reactions. Efforts should be made to monitor the cardiovascular variables during and immediately after CT especially in "high risk" patients, that is, elderly patients and patients with unstable cardiovascular systems.