Incidence and aetiology of talipes equino-varus with recent population changes.

This study looks at the changing incidence and aetiology of congenital talipes equinovarus due to the recent population changes within the area. Between 1st June 1992 and the 31st May 2006, 83 consecutive children (121 feet) born with fixed talipes equinovarus (TEV) were assessed and treated (an incidence of 1.6 per 1000 live births) in an observational longitudinal cohort study assessing associated factors. There were 17 syndromal cases in the fixed group (20.8%), 6 cases of non-syndromal distal arthrogryposis (7.2%), and a strong family history in 12 cases (14.5%). This study would suggest that genetic and primary causes of fixed TEV are more common than previously considered. Many of the primary aetiologies were diagnosed months or years after birth.