[Arthroscopy, arthroscopic surgery and arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint].

The understanding of the pathogenesis of TMJ disorders is increased by arthroscopic techniques; especially the prominent role of cartilage degeneration has become visible. During arthroscopy a clear view is produced of the different joint surfaces, the anatomic relationship between articular disc and mandibular condyle, and the degree of cartilage degeneration. Arthroscopic surgery results in pain relief, increased joint mobility and function improvement. The arthrocentesis technique is developed based upon the understanding of the underlying therapeutic mechanisms of arthroscopy. The therapeutic effects of arthroscopic procedures and arthrocentesis need to be further evaluated in prospective randomized studies. Future development of arthroscopic techniques will have an increasing impact on the treatment of TMJ disorders.