Targeting the complement system in systemic lupus erythematosus and other diseases.

The importance of the complement system in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has long been recognized. However, despite an unprecedented amount of SLE clinical trial activities ongoing at this time, complement inhibitors have been omitted from the therapeutic assault on this disease. We review data generated from murine lupus that provide scientific support for the study of human SLE. Also reviewed is the sole study of a complement inhibitor, eculizumab, performed in patients with SLE. We conclude with a review of other inflammatory diseases where ongoing programs might provide the groundwork for the development of complement inhibitors in SLE.