Dislocation, subluxation or listhesis?

The lack of a generally accepted set of terms to describe traumatic vertebral displacements as shown by different interpretations of the terms 'subluxation' and 'dislocation' is discussed. The need for clear and precise terminology for clinical and research purposes is stressed. Causes for confusion in terminology are briefly outlined. Terminology separately describing displacement of vertebral bodies and apophyseal joints is suggested.