Эксплуатация и безопасность Кладрибина в качестве терапевтического варианта для пациентов с множественным склерозом старше 50 лет: исследование реального мира.
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Piedrabuena María Agustina, Correale Jorge, Silva Berenice, Fiol Marcela, Marrodan Mariano, Zárate Maria Agustina, Heriz Alejandra, Ayerbe Jeremías, Míguez Jimena, Pita Cecilia, Lázaro Luciana, Casas Magdalena, López Pablo Adrián, Tkachuk Verónica, Balbuena María Eugenia, Nadur Débora, Liwacki Susana, Luetic Geraldine, Burgos Marcos, Casales Federico, Carnero Contentti Edgar, Zanga Gisela, Steinberg Judith, Mainella Carolina, Tavolini Darío, Hryb Javier, Leguizamón Felisa, Cassará Fátima Pagani, José Gustavo, Nofal Pedro, Alonso Ricardo, Luis Belén, Ysrraelit María Celica
Аннотация
Оригинал публикации
Efficacy and safety of Cladribine as a therapeutic option in multiple sclerosis patients over 50 years of age: A real-world study.
BACKGROUND: Despite an aging multiple sclerosis (MS) population, clinical outcomes and long-termeffects of disease-modifying therapies in patients aged ≥50 years remain under-studied.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of cladribine in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients aged <50 versus ≥50 years.
METHODS: In this retrospective, observational multicenter study, 366 RRMS patients treated with cladribine (cumulative dose 3.5 mg/kg) were included. Patients were stratified by age at treatment initiation (<50 years, n = 317; ≥50 years, n = 49). Outcomes included annualized relapse rate (ARR), MRI activity, percentage of patients without EDSS progression, and no evidence of disease activity (NEDA-3) at 12 and 24 months. Safety endpoints encompassed lymphocyte nadirs, infection, and malignancy rates.
RESULTS: At baseline, the ≥50-year cohort had longer disease duration (9.8 ± 7.9 vs. 6.6 ± 5.3 years; p < 0.001) and higher EDSS (2.6 ± 1.6 vs. 1.7 ± 1.6; p = 0.001). Eighteen patients aged <50 years (5.7 %) discontinued cladribine before the second course due to breakthrough clinical or radiological activity; all patients ≥50 years completed both courses. After treatment, ARR was lower in the older cohort (0.02 vs. 0.11; p = 0.001). Percentage of patients free of EDSS progression was similar in both groups (97.3 ± 16.2 in <50 years versus 95.9 ± 20 in ≥50 years p = 0.6). NEDA-3 rates at 12 months were 73.2 % (<50 years) versus 77.6 % (≥50 years; p = 0.53) and at 24 months were 90.5 % versus 98.0 % (p = 0.31). Treatment failure occurred in 8.1 % of patients aged <50 years versus 3.0 % of those aged ≥50 years (p = 0.47). Lymphocyte nadirs were similar in both groups. Only one <50 year patient developed grade 4 lymphopenia. Infection (8.1 % vs. 2.3 %; p = 0.21) and malignancy rates (2.0 % vs. 0.6 %; p = 0.86) were similar between groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Cladribine demonstrated sustained efficacy and a favorable safety profile in RRMS patients across age groups. The ≥50-year cohort showed a significantly lower ARR and no early treatment discontinuations due to clinical or radiological activity. These findings support its utility in the management of older patients with RRMS.