Гистологическое и молекулярное исследование эликсирного воздействия силимарина на скелетные мускулы изменений в множестве склероза, вызванного кухонной зоной у мышей.
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Hassan Yomna F, Elshenawy Dina S, Mostafa Sally Abdallah, Shrief Amira I
Аннотация
Оригинал публикации
Histological and molecular study of the ameliorative effects of silymarin on skeletal muscle changes in cuprizone-induced multiple sclerosis in mice.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). This study investigated the ameliorative effects of silymarin (SIL) in cuprizone (CPZ)-induced MS, focusing on its activity on the skeletal muscles. The study was performed on forty adult male C57BL/6 mice that were divided into: group I, control group; group II, CPZ diet (0.3 %); group III, CPZ diet and oral SIL; and group IV, oral SIL. After 5 weeks, mice were sacrificed, blood samples were collected, specimens from the corpus callosum (CC) were taken, and the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle was dissected and processed for measurement of gene expressions as well as light and electron microscopic analysis. SIL administration in CPZ-induced MS attenuated early demyelination in Luxol fast blue-stained CC sections and modulated systemic oxidative stress by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevating superoxide dismutase (SOD) serum levels. The mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (Il)-6, Il17] in TA muscle were down-regulated, while the anti-inflammatory agents [forkhead/winged propeller transcription factor 3 (Foxp3) and transforming growth factor-beta (Tgfb)] were up-regulated. The inducible nitric oxide synthase and caspase-3 genes (Nos2 and Casp3) were decreased, with near-normal immunohistochemical expression of the corresponding proteins (iNOS and caspase-3), and the muscle integrity marker S100A1. Additionally, SIL effectively prevented the histological degenerative changes in TA muscle and restored the oxidative mitochondrial capacity and neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) integrity. In conclusion, SIL may represent a promising strategy to attenuate muscle weakness in MS via suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.