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Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2025

The Experience of Self-Care in People With Osteoporosis: A Qualitative Descriptive Study.

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Tedesco Chiara, Bernalte-MartÍ Vicente, Tormen Mara, Cuoco Angela, Pucciarelli Gianluca, Vellone Ercole, De Maria Maddalena, Basilici Zannetti Emanuela, Cittadini Noemi, Pennini Annalisa, Tecce Salvatore Maria, Smakaj Amarildo, Tarantino Umberto, Alvaro Rosaria

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis requires long-term self-care engagement, yet little is known about how individuals experience and manage self-care in everyday life. Understanding these experiences is essential to inform tailored nursing interventions. The objective of the study was to explore and describe the experience of self-care maintenance, monitoring, and management in people with osteoporosis.

DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive study.

METHODS: We conducted semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using Mayring's qualitative content analysis with a deductive approach based on Riegel's theory of self-care. We reported data in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) checklist.

RESULTS: Participants (1 Male, 19 Females; Aged 55-80) Identified Four Themes of self-care: maintenance (e.g., Medication Adherence, Physical Activity), monitoring (e.g., Symptom Recognition, Test Interpretation), management (e.g., Lifestyle Reflections, Prevention), and general self-care. Key factors included motivation, trust in healthcare professionals, and integration of health behaviors into daily life. Barriers were low self-efficacy, poor symptom recognition, and inconsistent adherence.

CONCLUSION: Self-care in osteoporosis is a multidimensional and dynamic process influenced by individual beliefs, contextual factors, and support from healthcare professionals. Recognizing the variability in patients' self-care behaviors is essential to develop personalized education and support. Strengthening general health behaviors may enhance disease-specific self-care. This understanding can guide healthcare professionals in designing more effective, tailored care strategies.

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