Protein network on reticular heterostructure for competitive organic photoelectrochemical transistor biosensing.

Synergizing reticular materials to form heterostructures has sparked increasing interest in diverse fields. Organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) has been demonstrated as a transformative platform for next-generation biosensors, optoelectronics, and neuromorphic simulation. Herein, covalent organic frameworks (COF)-on-hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOF) heterojunction as a novel photogating module is first explored for competitive OPECT biosensing of streptomycin (STR) via a self-assembled protein network. The competitive binding by STR in the solution and on the surface can cause the variant coverage of protein network on the COF-on-HOF photogate, leading to the different steric hindrance with differentiable OPECT responses and thus achieving sensitive STR detection down to 0.5 pM. This work features competitive OPECT biosensing photogated by a reticular heterostructure.