The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022
Bone Health in Adults With Prader-Willi Syndrome: Clinical Recommendations Based on a Multicenter Cohort Study.
Многоцентровое исследованиеСтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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van Abswoude Denise H, Pellikaan Karlijn, Rosenberg Anna G W, Davidse Kirsten, Coupaye Muriel, Høybye Charlotte, Markovic Tania P, Grugni Graziano, Crinò Antonino, Caixàs Assumpta, Poitou Christine, Mosbah Helena, Weir Tessa, van Vlimmeren Leo A, Rutges Joost P H J, De Klerk Luuk W L, Zillikens M Carola, van der Lely Aart J, de Graaff Laura C G
Аннотация
CONTEXT: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare complex genetic syndrome, characterized by delayed psychomotor development, hypotonia, and hyperphagia. Hormone deficiencies such as hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, and growth hormone deficiency are common. The combination of hypotonia, low physical activity, and hypogonadism might lead to a decrease in bone mass and increase in fracture risk. Moreover, one would expect an increased risk of scoliosis due to hypotonia and low physical activity.
OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and risk factors for skeletal problems (reduced bone mineral density, fractures, and scoliosis) in adults with PWS.
METHODS: We retrospectively collected patient characteristics, medical history, medication, biochemical measurements, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, and spinal X-rays and reviewed the current literature.
RESULTS: We included 354 adults with PWS (median age 31 years; 43% males), of whom 51 (14%) had osteoporosis (T-score below -2.5) and 143 (54%) had osteopenia (T-score -1 to -2.5). The most prevalent modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis were hypogonadism, insufficient dairy intake, sedentary lifestyle, and corticosteroid use. Male sex was associated with osteoporosis (P = .005). Growth hormone treatment was not associated with osteoporosis. A history of vertebral fractures was present in 10 (3%) and nonvertebral fractures in 59 (17%). Scoliosis was present in 263 (80%), but no modifiable risk factors were identified.
CONCLUSION: Besides scoliosis, osteoporosis is common in adults with PWS. Based on the literature and the risk factors for osteoporosis found in our cohort, we provide practical clinical recommendations to avoid skeletal complications in these vulnerable patients.
OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and risk factors for skeletal problems (reduced bone mineral density, fractures, and scoliosis) in adults with PWS.
METHODS: We retrospectively collected patient characteristics, medical history, medication, biochemical measurements, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, and spinal X-rays and reviewed the current literature.
RESULTS: We included 354 adults with PWS (median age 31 years; 43% males), of whom 51 (14%) had osteoporosis (T-score below -2.5) and 143 (54%) had osteopenia (T-score -1 to -2.5). The most prevalent modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis were hypogonadism, insufficient dairy intake, sedentary lifestyle, and corticosteroid use. Male sex was associated with osteoporosis (P = .005). Growth hormone treatment was not associated with osteoporosis. A history of vertebral fractures was present in 10 (3%) and nonvertebral fractures in 59 (17%). Scoliosis was present in 263 (80%), but no modifiable risk factors were identified.
CONCLUSION: Besides scoliosis, osteoporosis is common in adults with PWS. Based on the literature and the risk factors for osteoporosis found in our cohort, we provide practical clinical recommendations to avoid skeletal complications in these vulnerable patients.