Phage typing of Listeria monocytogenes in Hungary.

Ninety-eight (39.6%) out of 247 Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from a variety of sources were typable by 27 phases. Of the 31 human strains only 3 belonged to phage types occurring in cattle, sheep and surface waters. A close correlation existed between serotype and phage type of the strains. Serotype 1/2 and 4 strains isolated in Hungary were less frequently typable than cultures originating from France. Phage typing is a useful tool for epidemiological tracing but, for a more effective differentiation, the number of phages should be increased and the method should be standardized.