Primary total knee arthroplasty in stiff and ankylosed knees.

This study reviewed 71 patients who underwent 82 total knee arthroplasties between 1974 and 1987. All patients had severe limitations of motion preoperatively with a total preoperative arc of motion of < or = 50 degrees. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 12 years (average: 5.3 years). The average preoperative knee score was 38 (range: 14 to 54). The average preoperative arc of motion was 36 degrees (range: 0 degree to 50 degrees), with an average flexion contracture of 22 degrees average maximum flexion of 58 degrees. Postoperatively, the average knee score was 80 (range: 0 to 98). The average postoperative arc of motion was 93 degrees (range: 35 degrees to 130 degrees), with an average maximum flexion of 94 degrees. Nine knees had 5 degrees flexion contractures, while 5 knees had 10 degrees flexion contractures. Postoperatively, no knee had a flexion contracture > 10 degrees. Two knees had a decreased range of motion postoperatively. Two knees with severe flexion-valgus deformities developed peroneal nerve palsies that both resolved. Total knee arthroplasty in stiff or ankylosed knees can produce good or excellent results and can lead to significant improvement in range of motion and pain.