Severe hypersensitivity allergic reaction to filgrastim in a healthy stem cell donor.

INTRODUCTION

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been approved for use for mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells from the marrow into the blood for peripheral blood stem cell collection. Commonly reported side effects of G-CSF include deep throbbing bone pain, severe myalgia and leucocytosis.

CASE REPORT: We describe a case of severe hypersensitivity anaphylactoid reaction after filgrastim administration in a healthy stem cell donor. This haploidentical donor was a 38-year old man with sickle cell trait, donating stem cells for his son, a case of sickle cell disease. On administration of G-CSF (10 µg/kg) he developed features of anaphylaxis.

MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME: He was given supportive care with oxygen, IV fluid bolus, anti histaminics and steroids. The donor had complete recovery and underwent successful bone marrow harvest.

CONCLUSION

There have been various reports of hypersensitivity anaphylactoid reactions in patients undergoing chemotherapy but those associated with the first dose of G-CSF in healthy stem cell donors have rarely been reported.