The Spectrum of Movement Disorders Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review seeks to examine the prevalence, pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and treatment strategies for movement disorders in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

RECENT FINDINGS: In recent years, the spectrum and number of autoimmune movement disorders has rapidly expanded with the identification of neuronal and paraneoplastic antibodies which should be considered in the differential for patients with acute to subacute development of a movement disorder. The identification of SLE in a patient with a new onset movement disorder may lead to earlier treatment with immune therapies especially if other systemic manifestations are present. Current treatment for SLE-associated movement disorders involves co-management with rheumatology and is based on expert clinical opinion on symptomatic management. Further understanding of the contributing pathophysiology may lead to advancements in therapeutic approaches.