Bone Health in Women.

Osteoporosis is a significant chronic condition worldwide, causing morbidity and mortality that may be prevented with mitigation of risk factors, screening, and treatment of low bone density to prevent fractures. Adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D as well as regular weight-bearing exercise are integral for optimal bone health. Decreased bone density on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry screening or evidence of fragility fractures are qualifiers for treatment. Treatment options beyond the first-line treatment of oral bisphosphonates exist for those who do not tolerate these medications or for those who require intensified regimens due to very high risk of fracture.