Imaging of the hip: a systematic approach to the young adult hip.

BACKGROUND

Great advances in knowledge and understanding of the biomechanics of the hip, both in arthroscopic procedures and imaging techniques, have expanded and improved the diagnosis of pathologies of the young adult hip. The anatomy of the hip joint is complex due to its morphology and orientation. The inter-pretation of the images requires deep knowledge of the osseous and soft tissue anatomy: muscles, tendons, ligaments, vessels and nerves. There are multiple imaging tools. Diagnostic techniques have different utilities and often are complementary.

METHODS

In this article the various diagnostic imaging techniques for evaluation of hip pathologies are discussed, their indications and usefulness, with emphasis on those resolved arthroscopically.

CONCLUSION

Young adult hip disorders are increasingly diagnosed and treated as arthroscopic procedures improved. Radiology is a fundamental contribution in the diagnostic process. Plain radiography (X-ray) is always the initial examination.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: V.