Fulminant Pertussis in infancy: The Critical Role of Clinical Acumen and Therapeutic Strategies - A case report.

BACKGROUND: Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in early childhood, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with delayed vaccination schedules. Despite global immunization efforts, pertussis has re-emerged, presenting diagnostic and management challenges. Early recognition requires clinical acumen, as atypical presentations-especially fulminant cases-can mimic other respiratory conditions.

CASE REPORT: This case report highlights a 9-week-old female infant with severe paroxysmal coughing and progressive respiratory distress, initially mismanaged due to delayed clinical suspicion and missed vaccination. Following appropriate antibiotic therapy and supportive measures, dramatic symptom resolution was observed. This case underscores the critical need for heightened awareness, rapid intervention, and strategic therapeutic approaches, particularly in vulnerable infant populations at risk for severe pertussis complications.

CONCLUSION: Persistent coughing, although a frequent clinical presentation in paediatric patients, requires an intuitive history and thorough evaluation to determine underlying etiologies. Accurate diagnosis of pertussis is essential for timely intervention, and prompt vaccination remains the most effective preventive measure.