Bee Sting-Inspired Inflammation-Responsive Microneedles for Periodontal Disease Treatment.

This paper outlines the results obtained in a cross-sectional study of a group of young patients with severe haemophilia A and B. The primary aim of the study was to ascertain the level of orthopaedic complications in the group, the effects that these complications have on quality of life, and the medical resources used on these patients. The secondary aim was to relate their current orthopaedic state to the type of treatment received before the study. The study was carried out in 11 hospitals in Spain, where 70 severe haemophilia patients (factor VIII [FVIII] < 2%), with an average age of 21.6 and a median age of 22, and no inhibitors, were monitored. The percentage of patients suffering from articular complaints was 84.3% and 85.7% according to the Gilbert and Petterson scales, respectively. Furthermore, pain was reported in 16.1% of joints, most frequently in ankles. Using the SF-36 Health Survey, patients were observed to have a poorer quality of life relative to healthy controls. Despite high levels of both the coagulant factor given to patients and the financial resources dedicated to their treatment, the type of treatment (on demand and/or as secondary prophylaxis) provided to the young adults was found to be incapable of preventing haemophilic arthropathy and subsequent negative quality of life consequences.