Evaluation of Decentralized Solid Waste Management in the Thiruvananthapuram Corporation Area in Kerala, India.

INTRODUCTION

Solid waste management (SWM) has become a major environmental and public health challenge in urban areas due to rapid urbanization, population growth, and changing consumption patterns. Conventional centralized waste management systems have led to frequent environmental issues. In response to these challenges, many urban local bodies have implemented decentralized SWM that focuses on processing waste closer to the point of generation.

AIM: This study aimed to explore the implementation, stakeholder perceptions, practices, and challenges associated with SWM in the Thiruvananthapuram Corporation area.

METHODS

This study was conducted in the Thiruvananthapuram Corporation area of Kerala state among residents and various stakeholders, using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs). Thirty in-depth interviews and six FGDs were conducted. The data were transcribed verbatim and free-listed. Domains were identified, coded, summarized, and presented as a summary including quotable quotes.

RESULTS

Disposal of sanitary napkins and diapers was a challenge for most participants, including stakeholders. According to some, a combination of centralized and decentralized waste management systems would be more effective than a single system alone. Integrated waste management technology was being practiced throughout the city. For organic waste, people opted for pipe compost, kitchen bins, and biogas plants, while those who had difficulty managing waste at home opted to hand over their waste to aero bins. The involvement of nongovernmental organizations helped reduce the burden of waste management on local self-governments.

CONCLUSION

For decentralized systems, public support was lower than for centralized ones. Issues were also due to a lack of operational awareness, poor-quality technology, and inadequate service provision. It has also been found that the agencies failed to supply inoculum to the bins, which can halt the composting process.