[Clinical study of cysts jawbones].

The objective of this study was to appreciate the clinical and paraclinical aspects of cysts jawbones. It was an exploratory study about 61 cases of jawbones cysts (24 men and 37 women). It took place in the Odontostomatology Department of the General Hospital of Grand Yoff at Dakar, during a period of 5 years (February 1996 to December 2000). The mean age of patients was 29.67 years with extremes of 14 and 55 years. The mean reason of consultating was an important perish-jawbone tumefaction which can be associated with dental displacements, mobilities or pains. The radiographic assessment was essential for the diagnosis. The radiological image was characterized by an osteolysis with regular contours. We have noted the invasive appearance of the osseous lysis which is developed in several teeth concerning 50 cases (81.97%). The anatomo-pathological exam which is essential to confirm the diagnosis has been possible only for 9 patients by lack of means. Thus, in our study the diagnosis of jawbones cyst was retained while being based primarily on clinical experience and the radiological assesment. The types of diagnosed cysts are: 53 perish-apical cysts (86.89%), 5 dentigerous cysts (08.20%), 2 globulo-jawbone cycts (03.28%), and only one case of paramount cyst. The jawbones cysts are often of aggressive development with various etiologies. They may be voluminous. Their diagnosis must be exact in order to allow an adapted surgical technics and to prevent the reccurence.