Клинические результаты после перехода от лечения финглимодом к терапии, разрушающей клетки В, при множественном склерозе: систематический обзор и метаанализ.
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de Souza Wagner Pedro Henrique, de Paiva Felipe Alves, Mello Julia Scaramal, Silva Anna Lydia Machado, Tanimoto Larissa Emi, Tamashiro Fernanda Moraes, da Silva Gattas Graciolli Letícia Hanna Moura, de Almeida Artur Menegaz
Аннотация
Оригинал публикации
Clinical outcomes after switching from fingolimod to B-cell-depleting therapies in multiple sclerosis: systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system, predominantly presenting as relapsing-remitting MS. Fingolimod decreases relapse rates by lymphocyte sequestration, yet persistent activity often requires switching to B cell-depleting therapies (BCDTs) such as ocrelizumab (OCR) or rituximab (RTX). Data on outcomes after this switch remain limited.
METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Single-arm rates were pooled via weighted meta-analysis; continuous outcomes by mean differences (MD), both with 95% confidence interval (C.I.). Significance was set at P < 0.05, and heterogeneity by I2.
RESULTS: Eleven retrospective cohort studies (n = 1084) of MS patients switching from fingolimod to BCDTs were included in this meta-analysis. A high relapse-free proportion after switching to BCDTs (90%; 95%C.I.: 86-94%; I2 = 74.2%) was observed. OCR demonstrated a relapse-free proportion of 91% (95%CI: 86-97%; I2 = 74.5%), while RTX had 81% (95%C.I. 74-89%; I2 = 26.4%). Relapses during washout occurred in 11% (95%CI: 6-17%; I2 = 91.9%): relapse proportion was 20% (95% CI 7-34%; I2 = 90.3%) after a long washout (> 4 weeks) and 0% (95% CI: 0-2%; I2 = 0%) after a short washout (< 4 weeks). Radiological activity-free proportion was 76% (95% CI 59-88%; I2 = 81.2%) overall BCDTs. Regarding Expanded Disability Status Scale, no significant change was observed after switching (MD - 0.845; 95%C.I. - 2.062-0.371; P = 0.173; I2 = 89.4%).
CONCLUSION: MS patients who switched from fingolimod to OCR or RTX maintained high rates of both clinical remission and radiological stability, and a washout shorter than four weeks virtually eliminated relapses-demonstrating robust efficacy for BCDTs in this subgroup.