[Research progress on the relationship between metal exposure and chronic kidney disease].

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an irreversible progressive disease accompanied by multiple complications, and a cluster of chronic diseases caused by various complex factors such as hypertension and diabetes. Characterized by high prevalence and disability rates, it has been recognized as one of the important public health issues endangering human life and health worldwide. The etiology of CKD is complex and diverse; in addition to genetic factors, environmental factors also play a significant role in its development. With rapid industrialization and economic development in China, large amounts of metals are released into the environment, causing environmental pollution. After entering the human body, these metals are mainly excreted through the kidneys, where they tend to accumulate and exert adverse effects on renal structure and function. Among them, metals such as cadmium, arsenic, lead, and lithium can cause kidney damage. Therefore, this article summarizes the relationships between cadmium, arsenic, lead, lithium, other metals, and CKD, aiming to provide new insights for the prevention and control of CKD induced by metal exposure.