Review Article | Histopathological and Molecular Features of the Mammary Sclerosing Adenosis Lesions and Their association with breast carcinoma: Review of literature.

Sclerosing adenosis (SA) is one of the findings seen in breast biopsies both in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Accurate diagnosis of this lesion is sometimes challenging for pathologists and radiologists. The lesion is characterized by proliferation of irregular glands with excess sclerosis in the surrounding stroma giving the lesion the features of invasive carcinomas. Will SA evolve into carcinoma? How long will it take for this transformation to occur? Can we distinguish between lesions that will undergo malignant transformation and those won't? These are all questions that have been raised about SA for years. Management of SA is not a straightforward decision; it differs from patient to another according to several factors. The following review article shed light on the recent updates about SA of the breast, its morphological histopathological characteristics, features that distinguish it from malignant tumors, radiological features, molecular mechanisms underlying this process and its management. Keywords: Sclerosing adenosis, radial scar, breast carcinoma, risk.