[Pathogenic mechanisms and advances in the diagnosis and treatment of co-occurring psychiatric and psychological symptoms in patients with liver cirrhosis].

Patients with liver cirrhosis commonly have psychiatric and psychological symptoms, particularly depression, which substantially impairs quality of life and may increase all-cause mortality. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of co-occurring psychiatric and psychological symptoms in cirrhosis remain unclear and may involve multiple factors, including neurobiological alterations, liver dysfunction, primary liver disease, and treatment-related factors. Psychiatric and psychological symptoms can be assessed using diverse scales and managed with pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in patients with cirrhosis. This review summarizes the epidemiology, potential pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, treatment, and intervention strategies for co-occurring psychiatric and psychological symptoms in patients with cirrhosis, with the aim of providing references for clinical practice.