Advances in Diagnosis of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Review.

Urothelial carcinoma is a rapidly evolving field. An important area of recent advancement is in the diagnosis and surveillance of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Approximately 75% of newly diagnosed bladder cancers are nonmuscle invasive. At least half of the NMIBC diagnoses are categorized as low-risk disease, for which surveillance and bladder-sparing treatments are recommended.