Acta cirurgica brasileira · 2026
The impact of steroid-impregnated polypropylene mesh on foreign body reaction in an experimental rat study.
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Dogru Hatice Yilmaz, Arici Akgul
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Foreign body reaction is a tissue response in which excessive reactions may lead to complications such as chronic inflammation, mesh contraction, and impaired tissue integration. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of steroid-impregnated polypropylene mesh on foreign body reaction and fibrosis in a rat abdominal wall model.
METHODS: Forty adults female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10 each): polypropylene mesh in the acute period (group A), steroid-impregnated polypropylene mesh in the acute period (group AS), polypropylene mesh in the chronic period (group C), and steroid-impregnated polypropylene mesh in the chronic period (group CS). Standardized 1 × 1-cm meshes were implanted on the right rectus abdominis muscle. Acute groups were assessed at three days post-implantation, and chronic groups at nine weeks. Histopathological evaluation included grading of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, neovascularization, foreign-body giant cell reaction, muscle invasion, necrosis, and fibrosis. Immunohistochemical staining for CD15, CD68, CD3, and CD20 was performed to characterize inflammatory cell subtypes.
RESULTS: The mean grading of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, neovascularization, foreign-body reaction, muscle invasion, and necrosis showed no difference among groups, in which fibrosis levels were significantly higher in group C and group CS compared to group A (p = 0.004, p = 0.004, respectively). The fibrosis levels were also elevated in group CS than in group AS (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Local corticosteroid impregnation of polypropylene mesh slightly attenuated early inflammatory responses but did not prevent chronic fibrosis.
METHODS: Forty adults female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10 each): polypropylene mesh in the acute period (group A), steroid-impregnated polypropylene mesh in the acute period (group AS), polypropylene mesh in the chronic period (group C), and steroid-impregnated polypropylene mesh in the chronic period (group CS). Standardized 1 × 1-cm meshes were implanted on the right rectus abdominis muscle. Acute groups were assessed at three days post-implantation, and chronic groups at nine weeks. Histopathological evaluation included grading of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, neovascularization, foreign-body giant cell reaction, muscle invasion, necrosis, and fibrosis. Immunohistochemical staining for CD15, CD68, CD3, and CD20 was performed to characterize inflammatory cell subtypes.
RESULTS: The mean grading of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, neovascularization, foreign-body reaction, muscle invasion, and necrosis showed no difference among groups, in which fibrosis levels were significantly higher in group C and group CS compared to group A (p = 0.004, p = 0.004, respectively). The fibrosis levels were also elevated in group CS than in group AS (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Local corticosteroid impregnation of polypropylene mesh slightly attenuated early inflammatory responses but did not prevent chronic fibrosis.