Intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm due to thoracentesis: diagnosis with three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography.

Intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm is extremely rare, with only a few case reports in the literature. Presented in this case report is a patient who developed an intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm after thoracentesis for recurrent pleural effusion. Diagnosis traditionally required arteriography; however, as shown in this case, the resolution of current multidetector computed tomography scanners and the routine acquisition of isotropic data sets with 3-dimensional visualization enable identification and detailed characterization of small vascular lesions such as these.